How to Plan for Taxes as a Small Business Owner

How to Plan for Taxes as a Small Business Owner

The ultimate guide to avoiding tax season stress and staying one step ahead

Paying taxes as a small business owner doesn’t have to be a nightmare.
But for most people, it is—because they don’t plan for it.

You work hard all year, only to get hit with a tax bill you weren’t expecting. Or worse, you fall behind and feel like you’ll never catch up.

If that’s you, take a deep breath.
You don’t need to be a CPA to stay tax-compliant and financially sane. You just need a system.

This guide will walk you through:

  • How small business taxes work (in plain language)

  • What accounts and tools to set up

  • How much to save—and when

  • What to track so you’re never caught off guard again

Step 1: Understand How You're Taxed

Your tax obligations depend on how your business is structured.

Sole Proprietors & Single-Member LLCs

  • Report income on Schedule C (attached to your personal tax return)

  • Pay federal income tax and self-employment tax (~15.3%)

  • Must file and pay quarterly estimated taxes

S Corporations

  • Pay yourself a W-2 salary (which includes automatic tax withholding)

  • File a separate business return

  • Still owe taxes on any profits or distributions beyond your salary

Partnerships or Multi-Member LLCs

  • File a partnership return (Form 1065)

  • Income flows through to partners, who pay taxes personally

No matter your entity type, one thing is true:
The IRS expects you to plan ahead—not catch up later.

→ Read: Quarterly Taxes 101: What You Need to Know

Step 2: Open a Dedicated Tax Account

This is non-negotiable.

Set up a separate bank account—call it “Business Taxes.”
Every time you get paid, transfer a percentage of your income into this account and do not touch it.

Typical savings ranges:

  • 15–20% if you’re earning under $50k/year

  • 25–30% if you’re earning $50–100k

  • 30–35%+ for six-figure businesses or those with limited deductions

Not sure what your number is?
Ask your accountant for a “safe estimate”—and aim high until you know more.

→ Read: What Percentage of Your Revenue Should Go to Taxes?

Step 3: Build a Monthly Tax Routine

You don’t need to obsess over taxes every day. But you should check in regularly.

Each month:

  • Total your income

  • Apply your tax percentage

  • Transfer that amount into your tax savings account

  • Log the activity in your planner or accounting software

This routine creates peace of mind—and eliminates the April panic spiral.

Inside The Small Business Planner, you’ll find a Monthly Financial Review system designed to help you do exactly this.

Step 4: Use Tools That Help (Not Hurt)

You don’t need complex accounting software to stay on top of taxes.

Start simple:

  • Banking: Use a system like Relay or Bluevine to automate transfers

  • Bookkeeping: Try Wave, QuickBooks, or even a spreadsheet

  • Planner: Track income, transfers, and goals with The Small Business Planner

  • Professional support: Work with a bookkeeper and CPA who explain things clearly

The goal isn’t to get fancy—it’s to get consistent visibility into your money.

→ Read: The Financial Tools Every New Business Owner Should Use

Step 5: File & Pay Quarterly Estimated Taxes

If you expect to owe at least $1,000 in taxes for the year, the IRS wants you to pay as you go.

Due dates:

  • Q1: April 15

  • Q2: June 15

  • Q3: September 15

  • Q4: January 15 (of the next year)

Each payment is based on your estimated net income for that period.

Your bookkeeper or accountant can calculate this—or use the IRS Form 1040-ES instructions if you’re doing it solo.

Missed payments? Don’t panic. You can catch up, but interest and penalties may apply.

→ Read: What to Do If You’re Behind on Taxes

Step 6: Plan for Profit, Not Just Compliance

Tax planning shouldn’t just be about survival. It should be part of your profit strategy.

When you:

  • Build tax savings into every dollar you earn

  • Create a system that keeps you on track

  • Know your numbers in advance

… you can make smarter decisions about hiring, investing, and scaling—without being blindsided by tax bills later.

→ Read: Why Most Business Owners Miss Their Tax Goals (and How to Fix It)

Step 7: Avoid These Common Mistakes

  • Waiting until tax time to start saving

  • Spending money that was never yours (hello, tax debt)

  • Relying entirely on software without understanding your numbers

  • Skipping quarterly payments because “you’ll figure it out later”

  • Not asking your accountant enough questions

You don’t have to know everything—but you do have to stay engaged.

Final Takeaway: Don’t Let Taxes Be a Surprise

Taxes aren’t the enemy. They’re a part of doing business—and with the right plan, they don’t have to be scary.

Inside The Small Business Planner, you’ll find:

  • Systems to save for taxes automatically

  • Monthly review templates to track your income and obligations

  • Tools to help you create financial clarity—without spreadsheets or stress

Explore The Small Business Planner →

Explore the Full Tax Planning Series

This post is part of our Small Business Taxes & Avoiding Surprises series: